神經毒理學專門發表關于有毒物質對人類和所有年齡的實驗動物神經系統影響的最佳同行評審的原始研究論文。該期刊強調了有關環境重大化學危害、人造藥物和天然化合物的神經毒性效應的論文。關于神經毒素對其他系統（如生殖系統、內分泌系統、免疫系統）或過程（如代謝系統）的影響的論文也受歡迎。

NeuroToxicology specialises in publishing the best peer-reviewed original research papers dealing with the effects of toxic substances on the nervous system of humans and experimental animals of all ages. The Journal emphasises papers dealing with the neurotoxic effects of environmentally significant chemical hazards, manufactured drugs and naturally occurring compounds. Papers dealing with the effects of neurotoxicants on other systems (e.g. reproductive, endocrine, immune) or processes (e.g. metabolic) are also welcome.